FCGR3A (CD16A) and FCGR3B (CD16B) mRNA levels in the blood of prostate cancer patients

Background. FCGR3A and FCGR3B messengers RNA (mRNA) translate the synthesis of membrane molecules of CD16A and CD16B, which are low-affinity immunoglobulin (Ig) G receptors bound to different cells of the immune system and involved in the immune response to tumors.

Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the level of FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer (PC).

Materials and methods. Blood samples from 47 prostate cancer patients and 31 healthy blood donors were examined. The relative level of FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA in the blood of patients and healthy donors was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in real time (real-time RT-PCR).

Results. It has been shown that the relative level of FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA in the blood of PC patients exceeds the level evaluated in volunteers. The relative level of FCGR3A mRNA increases with age, with an increase in PSA concentration, prostate volume and stiffness, and in the presence of metastases. Differences in testosterone concentration, Gleason score, disease stage and tumor spread were not accompanied by changes in FCGR3A mRNA level. For FCGR3B mRNA, a different manner of its changes was revealed. As PSA concentration and prostate tissue stiffness increased, elevated FCGR3B mRNA level decreased, reaching normal levels. In the absence of metastases, it was higher than if they were present. In addition, trends towards an increase in the level of FCGR3B mRNA were revealed with an increase in the stage of the disease, the concentration of testosterone to 7 mmol / L and above, as well as the Gleason score to 7 and above.

Conclusion. Multidirectional changes in FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA levels were found with an increase in the severity of PC. Probably, the revealed nature of the change in the level of FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA associated with the dose-dependent effect of PSA on their level. The results indicate a possible monitoring value of FCGR3A mRNA and FCGR3B mRNA levels in the blood of PC patients.

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