СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ПРОГНОСТИЧЕСКОЙ/ПРЕДИКТИВНОЙ РОЛИ И ОЦЕНКЕ РЕЦЕПТОРА HER2 ПРИ РАКЕ ЖЕЛУДКА. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Рецептор 2 эпидермального фактора роста человека (HER2) – протоонкоген, участвующий в передаче сигналов пролифера ции и дифференцировки. Гиперэкспрессия и амплификация гена HER2 хорошо изучены при раке молочной железы. Данные о гиперэкспрессии HER2 при раке желудка (РЖ) широко варьируют, часто разрозненны. Интерпретация HER2 при РЖ и раке молочной железы отличается. Этот обзор суммирует сведения, касающиеся оценки HER2 при РЖ для подбора таргетной терапии. В базах данных медицинской литературы был проведен поиск, изучены и проанализированы более 100 современных источников по теме. Отобраны и изложены самые значимые – об оценке экспрессии HER2 при РЖ, его прогностическом/предиктивном значении. В результате выделены варианты оценки экспрессии рецептора HER2 в операционном и биопсийном материале РЖ. Приведены сравнительные данные о применении различных клонов антител для решения названной задачи. Разобраны наиболее частые и важные ошибки и возможные нарушения интерпретации в экспрессии HER2 при РЖ. Применение трастузумаба для таргетной терапии при РЖ делает обязательным тестирование операционного и биопсийного материала в отношении экспрессии HER2. Прогресс различных методов молекулярной биологии оставляет иммуногистохимии основную роль в решении данной задачи. Дальнейшее исследование РЖ нуждается в единой стандартизованной системеоценки экспрессии HER2, интерпретации результатов.

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