Патологические изменения дендритных клеток при раке

Иммунная система играет особую роль в развитии опухолевого процесса. С одной стороны, она способна бороться с раком с помощью врожденного и приобретенного звеньев, с другой стороны - опухоль может использовать иммунные клетки для защиты от противоопухолевого ответа. Дендритные клетки (ДК) являются основными антигенпредставляющими клетками и поэтому активно участвуют в развитии иммунного ответа на присутствие в организме опухолевых клеток. ДК способны захватывать опухолевые антигены и представлять их Т-клеткам, вызывая тем самым опухолеспецифический Т-клеточный ответ. Однако в большинстве случаев терапия рака c использованием препаратов ДК не позволяет достичь клинически значимого эффекта. Одна из основных причин - неблагоприятное воздействие на ДК микроокружения опухоли. Важным этапом работы по улучшению методов биотерапии с использованием ДК является определение факторов, вызывающих нарушение функций ДК при раке, а восстановление нормальных функций ДК у онкологических больных представляет собой одну из основных задач иммунотерапии рака. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены основные виды патологических изменений, которые происходят в ДК под влиянием опухоли.

иммуносупрессия, дендритная клетка, опухолевое микроокружение, регуляторная дендритная клетка, цитокин, immunosuppression, dendritic cell, tumor microenvironment, regulatory dendritic cell, cytokine

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