ВЛИЯНИЕ СЕКРЕТИРУЕМЫХ ОПУХОЛЬЮ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА ДЕНДРИТНЫЕ КЛЕТКИ ПРИ РАКЕ

Дендритные клетки играют уникальную и разнообразную роль в процессе онкогенеза и развития иммунного ответа на присутствие в организме опухолевых клеток. Дендритные клетки способны активно захватывать опухолевые антигены и представлять их Т-клеткам, вызывая тем самым опухолеспецифический Т-клеточный ответ. Кроме того, взаимодействие дендритных клеток с различными типами эффекторных клеток иммунной системы может усиливать клеточный и гуморальный ответ против рака. С другой стороны, ряд выделяемых опухолью факторов способен привлекать дендритные клетки в очаг неоплазии, нарушать их созревание, дифференцировку и функциональную активность, тем самым приводя к дефициту противоопухолевого иммунного ответа или опосредованной дендритными клетками толерантности организма к опухоли. Выявление факторов, которые в условиях опухолевого микроокружения оказывают стимулирующее либо подавляющее влияние на дендритные клетки, является важным этапом работы по улучшению методов биотерапии с использованием дендритных клеток; восстановление нормальных функций дендритных клеток у пациентов с раком является одной из основных задач иммунотерапии рака. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены основные факторы, выделяемые опухолью, и их влияние на дендритные клетки в организме больных раком.

иммуносупрессия, дендритные клетки, опухолевое микроокружение, регуляторные дендритные клетки, цитокины, immunosuppression, dendritic cells, tumor microenvironment, regulatory dendritic cells, cytokines

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